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Справочник по SQL — 2. DML — Data Manipulation Language
Фрагмент из «Справочник по SQL»: 2. DML — Data Manipulation Language.
INSERT INTO table_name [(col1, col2, ...)]
VALUES (val1, val2, ...),
(val3, val4, ...);
-- Или из SELECT:
INSERT INTO table_name [(col1, col2, ...)]
SELECT ... FROM ...;
-- Возвращаемые значения (PostgreSQL, Firebird):
INSERT INTO ... RETURNING * | column [, ...];
-- T-SQL: OUTPUT clause
INSERT INTO ...
OUTPUT inserted.col1, inserted.col2 INTO @table_var
VALUES (...);INSERT INTO table_name [(col1, col2, ...)]
VALUES (val1, val2, ...),
(val3, val4, ...);
-- Или из SELECT:
INSERT INTO table_name [(col1, col2, ...)]
SELECT ... FROM ...;
-- Возвращаемые значения (PostgreSQL, Firebird):
INSERT INTO ... RETURNING * | column [, ...];
-- T-SQL: OUTPUT clause
INSERT INTO ...
OUTPUT inserted.col1, inserted.col2 INTO @table_var
VALUES (...);MERGE INTO target_table AS T
USING source_table_or_query AS S
ON T.key = S.key
WHEN MATCHED [AND condition] THEN
UPDATE SET col = S.col, ...
-- [DELETE] — Oracle, SQL Server
WHEN NOT MATCHED [BY TARGET] [AND condition] THEN
INSERT (col1, col2) VALUES (S.col1, S.col2)
WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE [AND condition] THEN
DELETE
[RETURNING $action, ...]; -- SQL Server
-- Поддержка: SQL Server (полная), Oracle, PostgreSQL ≥15 (MERGE, ограниченная), Snowflake, BigQuery
-- В SQLite: `INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE/IGNORE`
-- В MySQL: `INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE`MERGE INTO target_table AS T
USING source_table_or_query AS S
ON T.key = S.key
WHEN MATCHED [AND condition] THEN
UPDATE SET col = S.col, ...
-- [DELETE] — Oracle, SQL Server
WHEN NOT MATCHED [BY TARGET] [AND condition] THEN
INSERT (col1, col2) VALUES (S.col1, S.col2)
WHEN NOT MATCHED BY SOURCE [AND condition] THEN
DELETE
[RETURNING $action, ...]; -- SQL Server
-- Поддержка: SQL Server (полная), Oracle, PostgreSQL ≥15 (MERGE, ограниченная), Snowflake, BigQuery
-- В SQLite: `INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO UPDATE/IGNORE`
-- В MySQL: `INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE`